What is a Generator Transformer?

 

One of the largest transformers you will find in a power station that connects the generator output to the grid is the generator transformer. Each generating unit has a dedicated generator transformer, which is rated according to the size of that unit.

Since it is filled with oil for cooling and insulation, the generator transformer should be fixed in an outdoor setting. As a precautionary measure, it should be surrounded by a high-pressure water-spray fire protection system and a bund wall that can hold all the oil from the transformer as well as water discharged by the fire protection system.

How Does It Differ From an Auto Transformer?

Generator Transformer

Generator transformers are specifically built to link generators with the electrical grid. Their main function is to increase the generator’s voltage to a higher level, making it suitable for efficient long-distance transmission.

Their design focuses on:

  • High Current Capacity: To safely carry the high current produced by generators.
  • Voltage Elevation: To raise the generator's voltage level, making it suitable for transmission to the grid. At the same time, in captive or industrial plants with low-voltage generation, the opposite may also happen.
Auto Transformer
Auto transformers modify voltage levels - either increasing or decreasing them - based on system requirements. A single winding acts as both primary and secondary, with taps at different points to provide different voltage levels.

These are also used as motor starters. But they are low-voltage units in industrial settings and differ from high-voltage autotransformers used in grid interconnection.

While auto transformers come with higher efficiency, they lack galvanic isolation between primary and secondary, which may pose safety or protection design challenges. They are less expensive than traditional transformers.

Their design considerations include:
  • Full Load Capability: To operate efficiently under full-load conditions and are well-suited for use in high-voltage transmission networks.
  • Compact Design: Compared to conventional transformers of the same rating, autotransformers are generally more compact and cost-effective, thanks to their shared winding structure.
Auto transformers used in industrial motor starting are smaller, while large ones find applications in transmission networks.

Liquid or Dry Type Transformers?

Liquid-filled transformers make a good choice for medium and high-voltage applications. They offer better efficiency and silent operations than dry types.

Looking for high-quality transformers in the 220 kV class? Please visit us here: https://aetrafo.com/.

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